“The document that best expresses European values is the CSCE Helsinki Final Act of 1975. It does not identify enemies, nor even opponents or adversaries, while most of the security and defence strategies define other states as “opponents”, “adversaries”, and “enemies”. The Helsinki Final Act requests co-operative security and considers security indivisible. It develops a Decalogue of humanitarian values and supports economic co-operation. It allows changing of borders only peacefully and by agreement.”
Article by Heinz Gärtner on the occasion of the 45th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act five years ago (OSCE Yearbook, nomos, 2020)
