Gus Grissom (1926-1967)
Ed White (1930-1967)
Roger Chaffee (1935-1967)
Apollo 1
Launch scheduled for February 21, 1967
During a pre-launch test for Apollo 1, astronauts Grissom, White and Chaffee died when a fire broke out in the cockpit of their spacecraft on January 27, 1967.
Command module: CSM-012
Lunar module: -
The backup crew were Wally Schirra, Donn Eisele, and Walt Cunningham.
Wally Schirra
Donn Eisele (1930-1987)
Walt Cunningham
Apollo 7
October 11-22, 1968
The first launch of an Apollo spacecraft into Earth orbit.
Command module: CSM-101
Lunar module: -
The backup crew were Tom Stafford, John Young, and Gene Cernan.
Frank Borman
Jim Lovell
Bill Anders
Apollo 8
December 21-27, 1968
On Christmas Eve 1968, Apollo 8 was the first manned spacecraft to orbit the moon.
Command module: CSM-103
Lunar module: -
The backup crew were Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Fred Haise.
Jim McDivitt
Dave Scott
Rusty Schweickart
Apollo 9
March 3-13, 1969
Earth-orbit test of the Apollo comand and lunar modules including rendezvous maneuvers and a test of the new lunar space suit.
Command module: Gumdrop [CSM-104]
Lunar module: Spider [LM-3]
The backup crew were Pete Conrad, Dick Gordon, and Alan Bean.
Tom Stafford
John Young
Gene Cernan
Apollo 10
May 18-26, 1969
The dress rehearsal for the moon landing.
Command module: Charlie Brown [CSM-106]
Lunar module: Snoopy [LM-4]
The backup crew were Gordo Cooper, Donn Eisele, and Ed Mitchell.
Neil Armstrong
Mike Collins
Buzz Aldrin
Apollo 11
July 16-24, 1969
The first lunar landing.
Command module: Columbia [CSM-107]
Lunar module: Eagle [LM-5]
Neil Armstrong: "That's one small step for man - one giant leap for mankind."
The backup crew were Jim Lovell, Bill Anders, and Fred Haise.
Pete Conrad (1930-1999)
Dick Gordon
Al Bean
Apollo 12
November 14-24, 1969
First pinpoint lunar landing.
Command module: Yankee Clipper [CM-108]
Lunar module: Intrepid [LM-4]
Pete Conrad: "Man, that may have been a small one for Neil, but it's a long one for me." [Conrad was only 5'6" tall]
The backup crew were Dave Scott, Al Worden, and Jim Irwin.
Jim Lovell
Jack Swigert (1931-1982)
Fred Haise
Apollo 13
April 11-17, 1970
Apollo 13 ended in near disaster when oxygen tank 2 exploded 55 hours into the mission. Using the lunar module as a lifeboat, the three men were able to return safely to earth.
Command module: Odyssey [CM-109]
Lunar module: Aquarius [LM-7]
The backup crew were John Young, Jack Swigert, and Charlie Duke.
(Swigert replaced prime crew member Ken Mattingly)
Al Shepard (1923-1998)
Stu Roosa (1933-1994)
Ed Mitchell
Apollo 14
January 31-February 9, 1971
First successful mission devoted entirely to scientific exploration of the moon.
Command module: Kitty Hawk [CM-110]
Lunar module: Antares [LM-8]
Alan Shepard: "It's been a long way, but we're here."
The backup crew were Gene Cernan, Ron Evans, and Joe Engle.
Dave Scott
Al Worden
Jim Irwin (1930-1991)
Apollo 15
July 26-August 7, 1971
The first extended scientific expedition, also the first to use the Lunar Rover Vehicle.
Command module: Endeavour [CM-112]
Lunar module: Falcon [LM-10]
Dave Scott: "Man must explore. And this is exploration at its greatest."
The backup crew were Dick Gordon, Vance Brand, and Jack Schmitt.
John Young
Ken Mattingly
Charlie Duke
Apollo 16
April 16-27, 1972
The first exploration of the moon's central highlands.
Command module: Casper [CM-113]
Lunar module: Orion [LM-11]
John Young: "There you are, mysterious and unknown Descartes highland plains. Apollo 16 is gonna change your image. I'm sure glad they got ol' Brer Rabbit here, back in the briar patch where he belongs. "
The backup crew were Fred Haise, Stu Roosa, and Ed Mitchell.
Gene Cernan
Ron Evans (1933-1990)
Jack Schmitt
Apollo 17
December 7-19, 1972
The last, and longest lunar mission. Cernan and Schmitt spent 3 days, 2 hours and 59 minutes on the moon.
Command module: America [CM-114]
Lunar module: Challenger [LM-12]
Gene Cernan: "As I step off at the surface at Taurus-Littrow, I'd like to dedicate the first step of Apollo 17 to all those who made it possible."
The backup crew were John Young, Stu Roosa, and Charlie Duke.
Tom Stafford
Vance Brand
Deke Slayton (1924-1993)
Apollo-Soyuz Test Project
July 15-24, 1975
The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was a joint operation of U.S. astronauts and Soviet cosmonauts docking in Earth orbit and performing scientific experiments.
Command module: CSM-111
Lunar module: -
The backup crew were Alan Bean, Ron Evans and Jack Lousma.
