EUCCONET (an ESF
Research Networking Programme in Medical Sciences):
Despite its cost, the
ethical and methodological issues it raises and time constraints on
analysis, the
cohort study is of strong interest to decision-makers and researchers
in quest
of new behaviours. Whereas longitudinal retrospective studies can
reconstruct
the past histories of individuals, they can only do so in a way that is
subject
to memory lapse. The prospective approach of cohort studies is
more
directly adapted to the information needs on current and future trends
in
population and can capture a variety of information that cannot be
recalled. Longitudinal
studies of children constitute a unique source of data to analyse
human
development in its context. They permit the study of the various
factors all
interacting during the life course up to adulthood: family structure,
social
and physical environment, schooling, health and nutritional behaviour,
etc.
They also clarify the impact of the experience lived during infancy on
the
individual’s physical, psychological, social and professional
development and
therefore help the progress of research in many different disciplines.
While
offering very valuable sets of data, cohorttype studies demand a very
complex
organisation and often raise important discussions on methodology
issues as
regards sampling, methods of data collection and storage, types of data
collected, etc. Mostly, they also require the collaboration of many
actors as
well as the assent of various committees. All these factors make the
cohort
study a very ambitious venture. Despite this, many such studies, most
of which
focus on very specific issues, are conducted throughout Europe and are
concentrated
in specialist networks. However, there is no network for birth and
child cohort
studies, which assess the physical and psychological development of
children in
a multidisciplinary light. This is why teams in Europe gathered to
request
support from the ESF in order to create the European Child Cohort
Network
(EUCCONET). The aim of this Research Networking Programme will be to
offer an
opportunity to several research teams in Europe to share knowledge and
experience, and to enter into international collaborations. The ESF
funding
will also be used to create a web
portal linking several
cohorts and networks together, and to provide an
international inventory of child cohorts as well as a database of
available
tools and literature.
The running period of the
ESF EUCCONET Research Networking Programme is 5 years from May 2008 to
May
2013.
Objectives of EUCCONET:
Some specialised thematic
networks already exist and the objective of EUCCONET is not to
replicate what
has successfully been done elsewhere. The focus of this network is on
large-scale and generalist cohorts, and its originality will lie in the
interdisciplinarity of the themes to be covered: researchers involved
in these
studies tend to find ways to reconcile through one survey social,
health
and environmental aspects of child development. Within this context the
objectives of EUCCONET are to:
The objectives of the
network will be to increase awareness and knowledge, by providing a
forum for
discussion and an easy access to world-class expertise in the field. It
will
create and consolidate a scientific community working in a very
specific field
and producing data. It will also participate in the convergence of
cohort
studies in Europe and on the comparability of data at the European
level on a
policy-relevant issue: child development.
Through its main partners,
the programme benefits from the experience and skills acquired by
leading
European, American, Canadian and Australian scientists in this field. A
wide
range of expertise will be mobilised for the programme, ranging from
demography, sociology, epidemiology, psychology or medicine, as well as
methodology skills in conducting surveys. The partners involved in the
network
are leaders of major national or regional child cohort studies which
are at
different stages of advancement. This makes it very beneficial for
those
studies which are just starting as they will benefit from the expertise
of more
experienced cohorts. The desires and needs expressed by these new teams
will
lead the way to organising science meetings that we know to be of great
interest to many scientists. These meetings will be an opportunity for
all to
present their different experiences and practices in specific fields,
opening
an unprecedented forum for exchange. Apart from setting targets and
standards
in the methodology of cohort studies, these meetings will help new
teams to
avoid making mistakes, thus giving more chance of success to their
study. In
order to do this, interest groups will be created to study
specific
themes. One important point is that these interest groups are
open to
cohort leaders and team members so that everyone can benefit from the
opportunities given by the network to learn and share.
For example, a specific
working group will be created to discuss data management, i.e.
all the
computer systems used to store, secure and anonymise the data, whereas
data
managers mostly do not get to meet their international counterparts.
Expertise
and the synergies with existing specialised cohorts and networks will
also be
sought in order to develop sound discussions on specific methodology
issues.
Several themes have already been defined to be studied during the first
two
years of the programme: securing consent from parents and children;
specific
instruments for measuring child development; designing specific
materials for
child interviews; different modes of data collection; the role of
fathers in
child cohorts; the maintenance of large cohorts; record linkage;
methods for
data analysis; acceptability, feasibility, and ethics of collecting
biological
samplings from children.