Brunei Student Field Trip - Report cover

Birau Agricultural Station; var. fruits

day in Kerangas (triopical heath forest)

frome several trips to mangroves (Brunei Bay)

various ornithochorous diaspores (Temburong)

peat swamp forest

Sungai Liang (Brunei herbarium and surrounding forests)

a day at Tasek Merimbun

forest around Temburong field station

various ornithochorous diaspores (from various localities)

around Khao Chong waterfall (lowland rain forest) (Khao Ban Tat Wildlife Sanct., Trang Prov.)

Khao Sok NP (limestone)

fruits, spices, etc. in local markets (Thai peninsula)

cultivated orchids (Bangkok Chatuchak weekend market)

Thale Noi (Phattalung Prov.)

Cryptocoryne cordata (Araceae)

peat swamp forest in the Peninsular Botanical Garden (Thung Kai , Trang Prov.)

forests around Tiger Cave Monastry (Wat Tham Sua; Krabi Prov.)

Vietnamese food

communist propaganda everywhere...

rural Vietnam

Saigon (Ho Chi Minh City)

heavy traffic...

Buddhism in Vietnam

Bonsai everywhere...

cultivated herbs and shrubs with ornamental fiolage

Plumeria cultivars (Apocynaceae)

Spathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae; cultivated Afrian tree)

Terminalia catappa (Combretaceae)

various cultvated palms

cultivated ornamentals

Anacardium occidentale (Anacardiaceae) (Cashew; plantations)

Arachis hypgaea (Fabaceae) (cultivated)

2 Artocarpus spp. (Moraceae) (cultivated)

Saigon market: 4 Cucurbitaceae (C1-C4), Ipomoea batats (Convolvuaceae), egg plants (Sm - Solanum megalocarpum)

Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus, Cactaceae) (cultivated)

Durio (Durio zibethinus, Bombacacea) (cultivated)

Saigon Market: various fruits (Mango, Avocado, Mangosteen, etc.)

Saigon: main market

Piper nigrum (Piparaceae) (pepper; cultivated)

Binh Chau: various woody climbers

Binh Chau: coastal vegetation

Binh Chau: Ficus spp. (Moraceae)

Binh Chau: Gnetum spp. (Gnetaceae)

Binh Chau: Nepethnes (Nepenthaceae)

Binh Chau: deciduous and semievergreen forests, bamboo forest

Binh Chau: semievergeen forest

Binh Chau: Strophanthus caudatus (Apocynaceae)

Binh Chau: swamp forest palms

Thac Mai: Livistona saribus (Areaceae)

Cat Tien NP: Ancistrocladus tectorius (Ancistrocladaceae)

Cat Tien NP: Crocodile Lake

Cat Tien NP: Crocodile Lake - various water plants

Cat Tien NP: Cycas sp. (Cycadaceae)

Cat Tien NP: semievergreen forest (1)

Cat Tien NP: semievergreen forest (2)

Cat Tien NP: Tetrameles nudiflora (Tetramelaceae)

Da Lat: Langbian mountain (1)

Da Lat: Langbian mountain (2)

Bi Dup - Nui Ba NP (Dalat Prov.): Elaeocarpus grandiflorus (Elaeocarpaceae)

Bi Dup - Nui Ba NP (Dalat Prov.): montane forest

Bi Dup - Nui Ba NP (Dalat Prov.): montane forest (Pinus krempfii, Pinaceae)

Dai Lanh peninsula (Khanh Hoa Prov.): Cassytha filiformis (Lauraceae)

Dai Lanh peninsula (Khanh Hoa Prov.): Casuarina equisitifolia (Casunarinaceae)

Dai Lanh peninsula (Khanh Hoa Prov.): coastal dunes (A-B: with planted Casuarina)

Dai Lanh peninsula (Khanh Hoa Prov.): mangroves

Dai Lanh peninsula (Khanh Hoa Prov.): rocky costa

Phan Thiet area (Binh Thuan Prov.): forest on "Buddah mt."

Simen "highlands" (> 3000m): Lobelia rhynchopetalum (Lobeliaceae)

Simen "lowlands" (c. 2000m), incl views of Simen "highlands" (> 3000m)

villages in the Simen "lowlands" (c. 2000m)

track Simen "lowlands" (c. 2000m) to Simen "highlands" (> 3000m)

tracking in the Simen "lowlands" (c. 2000m)

market in Debark (at base of Simen mts.)

Simen "highlands" (> 3000m): Helichyrsum spp. (ASTERACEAE)

views from the Simen "highlands" (> 3000m)

Simen "highlands" (mt. Buha area, close to 4000m)

around Bitata (N of Neghella): Senna baccarinii (Caesalpiniaceae) and termitarium

around Bitata (N of Neghella): Euphorbia sp. (Euphorbiaceae)

nr. Dolo Odo (Ethiopia/Somalia border): Somali women

nr. Dolo Odo (Ethiopia/Somalia border): wood- and scrubland

Melca Guba: Acacia wood- and scrubland

Melca Guba: Acacia wood- and scrubland: Wrightia demartiana (Apocynaceae)

Bale Prov.: Tapinanthus heteromorphus (Loranthaceae)

Bale Prov.: Bitata - Dolo Menna road, crossing of the flooding Gobelli R. with help from a grader

Bale Prov.: huge tuber of Pyrenacantha malviifolia (Icacinaceae)

Bale Prov.: summit plateu of the Bale mountains

Bale Prov.: rains in the lowlands, view from summit plateu of the Bale mountains

Sidamo: Anisotes trisulcus (Acanthaceae) (bird-pollinated!)

Sidamo: Balanites spp. (Balanitaceae)

nr. Dolo Odo (Ethiopia/Somalia border): Bowellia spp. (Burseraceae)

Sidamo (nr. Neghelle). "bullhorn" Acacia (Acacia drepanolobium, Mimosaceae)

Delonix baccal, D. elata (both Sidamo) and D. regia (cult., from Madagascar) (Caesalpiniaceae)

Sidamo: Sarcostemma viminale (Asclepiadaceae)

Sidamo: Sesamothamnus rivae (Pedaliaceae)

Bale: Tamarix aphylla (Tamaricaceae)

Sidamo: Terminalia orbicularis (Combretaceae)

Rift Valley - Lake Zway: Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (FABACEAE) -

Rift Valley - Lake Zway: Aeschynomene elaphroxylon (FABACEAE) - aerial roots (submerged in rainy season!)

Rift Valley - S of Tami Tulu: Acacia woodland

BALE - base of Bale Mts. nr Goba (prominent trees: Juniperus procera, CUPRESSACEAE)

BALE - base of Bale Mts. nr Goba: Kalanchoe densiflora (CRASSULACEAE)

BALE - base of Bale Mts. nr Goba: Rosa abyssinica (ROSACEAE)

BALE - base of Bale Mts. nr Goba: Mountain bamboo (Arundinaria alpina), collected from the wild, transported to the Goba weekend market

BALE - Bale Mts., summit area (ca. 4100m): cushions of Helichrysum citrispinum (ASTERACEAE; white) and Erica arborea (ERICACEAE; staying low and bush-like because of regular burning)

BALE - Bale Mts., summit area (ca. 4100m): Lobelia rhynchopetalum (LOBELIACEAE), an Ethiopian endemic

BALE - Bale Mts., summit area (ca. 4100m), S side: Senecio sp. (ASTERACEAE)

BALE - Bale Mts., southern lower slopes: Lobelia gibberoa (LOBELIACEAE)

BALE - Harenna forest (wet montane forest on S slope of Bale Mts)

BALE - Harenna forest (wet montane forest on S slope of Bale Mts): Turraea holstii (MELIACEAE)

BALE - Dolo Mena to Gobelli River: Acacia - Commiphora woodland with prominent tubers of Pyrenacantha malvifolia (ICACINACEAE)

SIDAMO - near Bitata: Acacia - Commiphora woodland with termitaria in very dry state (according to locals no rain for one year!)

SIDAMO - Adola to Bore, afromontane forest before Bore (2.800m): Phoenix reclinata (ARECACEAE), Croton macrostachyus (EUPHORBIACEAE, tall tree on right)

SIDAMO - Bore to Agere Selam: drinking tej (Ethiopian traditional Honey Wine or Mead)

SHEWA/KEFA - Omo (Gibbe) River crossing; wood- and scrubland

KEFA - Jima to Bonga: Erythrína abyssinica (FABACEAE)

KEFA - Jima to Bonga: Erythrína abyssinica (FABACEAE); note elongated, needle-like calyx lobes of the same color as the corolla

KEFA - Jima to Bonga: Erythrína abyssinica (FABACEAE); woody dehisced fruit

KEFA - Agamo forest around Bonga; semi-wild Coffea arabica (RUBIACEAE) in the foreground (right)

ILLUBABOR - around Masha (2.500 m): Arundinaria alpina (POACEAE), mass flowerng (only every 40 yrs!)

ILLUBABOR - Yayo Biosphere Resrve: Rhispalis baccifera (CACTACEAE), epiphytic on tree trunk

WELEGA - Bedelle to Nekempte: Stereospermum kunthianum (BIGNONIACEAE)

WELEGA - E of Nekempte: Combretum paniculatum (COMBRETACEAE), flowers

WELEGA - E of Nekempte: Combretum paniculatum (COMBRETACEAE), fruits

SHEWA - near Ginchi, agricultural land above Chilimo dry evergreen forest (c. 3.000 m)

SHEWA - near Ginchi, Chilimo dry evergreen forest: Scadoxus multiflorus (AMARYLLIDACEAE)

SHEWA - near Ginchi, Chilimo dry evergreen forest

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP: Acacia harmandiana (MIMOSACEAE), confined to rock islands in the Mekong R. (submerged for up to 4 months per year!)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP: Anogeissus rivularis (COMBRETACEAE), associated with rock islands in the Mekong R. (submerged for up to 4 months per year!)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, dry deciduous forest over rock: Gardenia saxatilis (RUBIACEAE)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, dry deciduous forest over rock: Gardenia saxatilis (RUBIACEAE)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation, dry deciduous forest over sandstone: Shorea siamensis (DIPTEROCARPACEAE) with young foliage (red -> red-orange -> orange-yellow -> yellow-green)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: Shorea siamensis (DIPTEROCARPACEAE) with young foliage (red -> red-orange -> orange-yellow -> yellow-green)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: sandstone "mushrooms"

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: Gluta usiata (ANACARDIACEAE), flowering and fruitins (wings formed by persisting and enlarged COROLLA lobes!)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: pine forest (Pinus merkusii, PINACEAE)

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: Pinus merkusii (PINACEAE); Mekong valley in the background

Ubon Ratchathani - Pha Taem NP, Chana Dei Substation: view of Mekong valley (border Thailand/Laos) in the dry season; now exposed rocky areas and sandbanks will be totally submerged in the rainy season

Ubon Ratchathani - Kaeng Tana NP: "Tana Rapids" of Mun River (a few km above confluence with Mekong River)

Sa Kaeo - Tha Praya NP: Gardenia collinsae (RUBIACEAE)

Sa Kaeo - Tha Praya NP: Neoalsomitra sarcophylla (CUCURITACEAE) with dry fruits opening by means of 3 valves and releasing winged seed

Sa Kaeo - small Khmer Temple, 2 km from Cambodian border

Chanthaburi - Khao Kitchakut NP: Trapa bicornis (TRAPACEAE)

Chanthaburi - Khao Kitchakut NP: Ficus punctata (MORACEAE, with cauliflorus figs) and F. globosa (thin stems, leaves) epiphytic on tree trunk

Chanthaburi - Khao Kitchakut NP: Dendrobium friedericksianum (ORCHIDACEAE), a Chanthaburi endemic

Chanthaburi - Ao Kung Kabaen Mangrove Nature Trail (Royal Project): Rhizophora apiculata (RHIZOPHORACEAE) reafforestation

Chanthaburi - market: Bouea macrophylla (ANACARDIACEAE), "plum mango"

Rayong - Khao Cha Mao- Khao Wong NP: Khao Wong Substation

Rayong - Khao Cha Mao- Khao Wong NP: trail to Khao Wong limestone caves

Rayong - Mu Ko Samet NP, near headquarters (mainland): Stemona sp. (STEMONACEAE)

Rayong - Mu Ko Samet NP, Samet Island: sandy coast with tall, tree-like Pemphis acidula (LYTHRACEAE; small leaves, foreground)

Rayong - Mu Ko Samet NP, Samet Island, sandy coast: Cordia subcordata (BORAGINACEAE]